Recently in Brazil there has been a movement by some powerful groups of associating Nazism as a leftist ideology, because it have Socialism in its name, with the intention of characterizing socialism and Nazism as the same thing and incite persecution on the left.
I know Hitler himself despised and persecuted communists, but since the birth of Nazism, has anyone ever said that it is the same as socialism or communism? As far as I know, not even during McCarthyism in the USA this happened.
As an ideology? Not that I can immediately think of. I'm sure there were some in the 1950s and '60s. (working in the Totalitarianism vein of scholarship... at a time when the field was more open to misinterpretations and manipulations.)
But it's not a strong argument: Nazi ideology is complex, contradictory, and often ignored by leading Nazis... so that's one problem. And the so-called "left wing" of the Nazi Party (Goebbels originally; the Strasser brothers) could only be described as actual leftists by grossly distorting the historical record. It is incontestable that the Nazis came to power on an anti-Socialist platform.
However, many serious historians (including myself) emphasize that Hitler and the Nazi party borrowed tactics--mass demonstrations, radical speeches, revolutionary rhetoric, etc.--from the left.
Many conservative scholars of Nazism from the '50s onwards, of course, emphasize the "low class" roots of Nazi Party. In this, they are echoing 1930s German conservatives' disdain for the Nazis as 'rabble'... implying that the Nazis were not only from the gutter, but also (thereby) from the same milieu as the Communists. One of the best scholars whose writing portrays Nazi ideology as the ideology of the 'rabble' is Joachim Fest.
The waters muddy a bit if you shift from Nazism to Fascism more broadly.
The one that leaps to mind is Z. Sternhell's outdated (and, in my expert opinion, wildly wrong-headed) conception of fascism as originating out of far-left French Revolutionary movements. He tries to connect European fascism (in Italy and Spain and even France) to radical leftist ideas. But Sternhell is a political scientist, and (in my opinion) his argument is weak, unsupported, and ahistorical. A historian who follows this line is Stan Payne... but that (to me) is yet another weakness of Payne's work.
This line of argumentation (that fascist ideology drew strongly from the left) is pretty well demolished by Paxton's outstanding book Anatomy of Fascism, where he shows that the 'leftists' elements of fascist ideology were usually either window-dressing or quickly abandoned early on by every fascist organization.
Hi there -- you may be interested in these older answers about whether the Nazis were socialists, from u/Georgy_K_Zhukov and from u/kieslowskifan, which should at least partially answer your question, as well as this followup from Kieslowskifan from the last time I linked to these.
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3l2gpr/did_the_nazi_party_implement_any_of_their/
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