Yes. The US in particular is rather famous for making a variety of forms of nuclear artillery in the 1950s and 1960s. The USSR had similar things as well. Both were meant as tactical weapons to be used against troops, fixed bases, tanks columns, etc., during a land war.
Given how famous this is, and easily solved by a single Google search, it's hard to know how to give a more complete answer without knowing what aspect of it you are really asking about.
Yes, they are listed under the category of tactical nuclear weapons and were known as nuclear artillery. From the wikipedia page:
United States developments resulted in nuclear weapons for various artillery systems, after the short-lived M65 Atomic Cannon standard howitzers were used. Delivery systems include, in approximate order of development:
MGR-1 Honest John free flight rocket delivering W7 and later W31 nuclear weapons, 1953-1981. M65 Atomic Cannon delivering 280mm W9 and W19 nuclear shells, 1953-1963. MGM-5 Corporal missile delivering W7 nuclear weapon, 1955-1964. 16 inches (410 mm) battleship guns delivering 410 mm W23 nuclear shells, 1956-1962. M110 howitzer and M115 howitzer delivering 203mm W33 nuclear shell, 1957-1992. M-28/M-29 Davy Crockett (nuclear device) M-388 warhead derived from W54, 1961–1971. MGR-3 Little John free flight rocker delivering W45 nuclear weapon, 1961-1967. MGM-18 Lacrosse missile with nuclear warhead, 1959-1964. M109 self-propelled, M114 towed howitzers and M198 towed howitzers delivering 155mm W48, 1963-1992. MGM-29 Sergeant missile delivering W52 nuclear weapon, 1962-1979. MGM-31 Pershing missile delivering W50 nuclear weapon, 1962-1969 for Pershing 1, 1969-1991 for Pershing 1a. MGM-52 Lance missile delivering W70 nuclear weapon, 1972-1992. M110 howitzer and M115 howitzer delivering 203mm W79 nuclear shell, 1976-1992. Pershing II missile delivering W85 nuclear weapon, 1983-1991. 155mm W82 nuclear artillery shell, cancelled. Likely would have been delivered by M109 self-propelled, M114 towed howitzers and M198 towed howitzers.
I hate to say this, but you literally could have googled "nuclear artillery" and come up with a buttload of answers.