And if so, was colorblindness similar to dyslexia?
No. When hieroglyphic inscriptions are painted or written in colored ink it's done so purely for artistic reasons. The hieroglyphic script was reserved pretty much exclusively for religious texts and inscriptions, rather than more usual texts which were written in hieratic or demotic, and as such they were seen simultaneously as writing and art. In all three hieroglyphic scripts--Old, Middle, and New Egyptian--individual glyphs can have up to three possible grammatical, either as strict logograms, uniliteral or multiliteral signs, or determinatives. But these uses are determined by the semantic sense of the sentence and are immediately obvious