What were the experiences of Vietnamese, Chinese, Japanese, and other East Asian soldiers in World War One?

by Conny_and_Theo

I've been on a Battlefield 1 kick again following the recent Russian DLC, but it's also reminded me that despite the game's willingness to make a nod to the contributions of lesser-known groups in the war, such as African or Indian colonial troops or the Women's Battalion of Death, it does not talk much about those who came from East Asia (unless if say Japan ends up featured in a later DLC).

Thus, like the title asks, my question is what was it like to be one of these soldiers from East Asia? How did these soldiers deal with the racial dynamics (both with whites and other minorities, when it came to befriending or interacting with them, relationships with women, or getting into racially-motivated fistfights and brawls) or the political situation of the time? How did they feel fighting for/against countries that colonized or exploited them (or were perceived to)? Were there differences between the experiences of men who came from more elite backgrounds vs more commoner backgrounds? For instance, did someone whose family came from the scholar-gentry perhaps see the conflict through a 'traditional' Confucian lens and/or were their Confucian worldviews challenged? I have heard the experiences in World War 1 became quite transformative as these soldiers were exposed to ideas and cultural aspects they wouldn't have back home.

I'm aware of for instance the Chinese labor battalions, the Japanese contributions such as Tsingtao, or the Indochinese troops, and have been trying to find useful academic sources but haven't found that many. I did for instance find Race, Empire and First World War Writing, which had a short but interesting chapter on Vietnamese soldiers of WW1, and dealt with issues such as marriage between these Vietnamese soldiers and French women, conflicts between Vietnamese and West African troops, gambling, the fate of these soldiers post-war, and so on. Much of this chapter was available on google books, but am hoping someone can point me to other more sources.

Thanks in advance!

Bernardito

As you point out, the sources aren't quite there. You're asking very difficult questions for an area with little academic research and in particularly that lacks the amount of primary sources that we might expect from other combatant nations or armies. There is far more research to be done still. With that said, and unable to answer your main questions in any satisfying way, I will instead point to sources. For China in particularly and Asia in general, the work of Guoqi Xu is a great start in English. China and the Great War: China's Pursuit of a New National Identity and Internationalization (2005), Strangers on the Western Front: Chinese Workers in the Great War (2011) and Asia and the Great War: A Shared History (2016) can all help to shed some light about the individual experiences that soldiers from East Asia went through in the First World War.

Furthermore, and this is more of a side-note, the game Battlefield 1 does not make a nod towards African colonial troops but actually shows black British and Afro-German troops which all participated in the war.. You wouldn't call an African-American soldier an African colonial soldier used by American troops, right?