Yes ... but I don't think you'd want to. A decent-sized knorr could make the passage from Norway to the Canadian arctic in perhaps three weeks, with enough room on board to supply a crew of about six or so. Of course, that assumes fair weather and good health, despite constant exposure to the elements, stagnant water, and a lack of fresh or cooked foods.
Moreover, it would take about a week further sailing to get sufficiently south along the Canadian coast before these hypothetical voyagers would reach anything of much interest, including easy access to fresh water, timber for repairs and cooking, and sufficient biodiversity for sustainable foraging and hunting. There would have likely been some opportunities for hunting and fishing along the way as well, but if the weather weren't good or the crew were sick or the waters too shallow for a knorr, these opportunities might have been missed.
Furthermore, it would take at least a week or so to get back to Greenland (after 980) and at least a couple weeks to get back to Iceland, or perhaps a month to return to Norway or the British Isles—again, assuming ideal weather conditions. If this wasn't meant to be a one-way trip, any of these journeys would require a significant amount of supplies on board, always with a chance of spoilage.
In short, 10th-century Norse ships could take people all the way across the Atlantic—but it would depend on rigorous planning, extraordinary good luck, and probably a decent bit of knowledge about North America, which wasn't discovered until just before the year 1000. It's hard to imagine anyone making this gamble, and it's hard to imagine anyone having a compelling reason to do so.
I haven't calculated precise distances or times in the discussion above, although there are some sources available to do so. I'd point you especially to the Viking Ship Museum (Roskilde, DK), which has reconstructed ships from the 1030s and 1040s and done a large number of sailing trials. Here's information on previous voyages, and I'd point you especially to the recent trip of the Ottar, which is a knorr-type ship.
I skimmed the Ottar's logbook, with references to speeds at 4.5 kts (=5.1) and covering 174nm in 39 hrs (=200 mi/39 hrs = 5.1 mph). From Bergen to Cartwright, Newfoundland, is 2290 mi. At 4.5 kts, this could be covered in 449 hrs or 18.7 days. Again, I suspect that this would be the absolute ideal and an actual crossing would likely have taken longer.