So I’m reading a book about the battle of Berlin (Berlin, by Anthony Beevor) and I read that when the Red Army was reaching the Oder river (100 km or so from Berlin) the propaganda was claiming the war was taking place around Warsaw. Did people believe this? Was Nazi propaganda this strong?
Sorry if bad English.
I can't comment on that claim specifically but looking at German newspapers and magazines like Signal, late in the war they tended to avoid discussions of geography, and focussed on supposed great achievements of German warriors ('200 tanks destroyed in a week!'), images aimed at showing strength (for instance a picture of a well-decorated soldier aged in his forties) while shoring up the confidence of youngsters (maybe a story about a 17 year old who has destroyed a few tanks with the Panzerfauste).
Another favourite trope was the V-weapons and other advanced machines, always exaggerated. So V-1s were said to be destroying London even as the RAF was shooting most down and their launch sites were being lost, and Me262s were blasting Allied bombers from the sky while being untouchable to Allied fighters.
The prospect of a collapse in the alliance between the West and the USSR was also played up. However, the main theme was escapism.
The aim of propaganda was not to be believed 100%, but to cloud the issues, create doubt and keep people doing what they were used to doing.