Race is a hot issue in Latin American nations.

I know that the Cuban revolution had and continues to have enormous racial salience, even to this day. Part of Castro's revolutionary project aimed to combat racism in that country, and modern scholarship debates the extent to which those efforts have been successful.^1 ^2

In the early 20th century, and especially in Brazil and Argentina, immigration policies specifically attempted to encourage European immigration in order to "whiten" the population and thereby "improve" the nation.

I don't want to get into modern politics and run afoul of this subs 20-year rule, but if you do a google search for "brazilian college affirmitive action" or "afro-brazilian protest" you will find plenty of recent news that shows that race continues to be a hot issue in Brazil.

1 Antiracism in Cuba: The Unfinished Revolution by Devyn Spence Benson

2 A Nation for All: Race, Inequality, and Politics in Twentieth-century Cuba by Alejandro de la Fuente

Latin American racism manifests as both the classical "white/lighter skin is better" idea, but also very differently.

One example of this the Cosmic Race put forth by Vanconselos, a politician in early 20th century Mexico who evidently came to the conclusion that the best way to deal with Mexico's diversity was to encourage the intermingling of Mexicans until they become a single 'race'. He didn't just stop at Mexico, but also extended this idea to the world as a whole.

This might sound pretty inclusive at face value, but in essence it's actually putting forth the idea that mixed race peoples are superior, identifying this mixed race as the final stage of humanity.

The text itself was overtly racist too: this race was to inherit the "eagerness to dance and unbridled lust" of the Black, the "slanted eyes" of the Asian who sees "everything in different dimensions" (the fetishisation of Eastern culture as mystical is nothing new, as you can see), the "clear mind" of the White, the "sickly sensuality" of the Muslim... All of this is incredibly racist, obviously, but it's interesting how he leverages racist rhetoric in an attempt to encourage racial harmony.

This was a fairly popular idea in Mexico for a time, though it didn't really catch on.

Find some more answer von Hubertus_Hauger in AskHistorians here: https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7aoggy/why_did_colonial_spaniards_mate_and_had_kids_with/dpbrb3c/

I can't speak for all Latin American countries but I will for Argentina and Brazil. Segregation of African descendants, natives and the offspring of both of them ended (legally), in Argentina in 1853 with the Constitution that states that the state does not recognizes privileges related to blood (Gender, skin colour, nationality, heritage, etc). Although people still discriminated others (and of course still do to an extent today), legal discrimination ended that year (legally more than a century earlier than US) and without a civil war to set the slavery discussion Wich probably aided to change the social norm earlier than the US. The lack of blood spilled over that theme also helps to avoid things like the south-north beef over racial issues there is still today in America.

Meanwhile, in Brazil, slavery was legal until much later (I'm from Argentina so I don't know the exact dates) but for one of my ancestors account I can tell there were still slave camps in the 1900 (they may have been illegal camps but slavery was still a thing), specially in the southern mines. And, in Brazil, there is much more racial tension than in my country. I can easily draw a correlation in the date (and way) of abolition and the racial tensions over African descendants.