For more context, are they protesting the Bolsheviks in Russia or are they Bolsheviks in France protesting the current government?

This is based on the (French-language) source below. Its title in English is “The Knife Between the Teeth: 70 Years of Communist and Anti-Communist Posters.”

One anti-communist image that became very widely known was the image of the Bolshevik as a man with a knife between his teeth. Here’s one example, showing the Bolshevik as a crazed, animal-like creature, eyes bulging, unshaven, with his knife dripping blood (https://www.histoire-image.org/etudes/antibolchevisme-anticommunisme).

The book says that early on, the French Communist Party took this image and made fun of it. The authors don’t state that the people in the photo are Communists, but they do align them with the idea of mocking the stereotypical “Bolshevik.” In one place, it says, “In 1919, workers and children in suits demonstrate, with a sharpened smile.” The caption reads, “Demonstration making fun of the idea of the knife between the teeth.”

Here’s the French, in case I’m missing something: En 1919, ouvriers et enfants en costume manifestent avec un sourire aiguisé; Manifestation ouvrière se moquant du theme du couteau entre les dents.

The idea of the demonstration seems to be making fun of (roughly) the Right, and saying, You know those Bolsheviks they want you to be afraid of? They’re actually just normal people, who dress neatly, assemble peaceably, along with their children.

The book doesn’t provide any further information on the photo.

Butor, Philippe and Laurent Gervereau: Le couteau entre les dents: 70 ans d’affiches communistes and anti-communistes. Chêne, 1989.