Yes, in fact there are two groups that the Royal Proclamation of 1763 continues to effect today. Those being the settler population (including Qubecquois) of what would become Canada, and the indigenous population of North America.

The Proclamation created Quebec as a British colony, and crucially established the indigenous nations of North America as being sovereign nations under the protection of the crown. This meant, among many other guarantees, that lands belonging to indigenous people could not be ceded to anyone but the Crown though the signing of a treaty. Its for these reasons that the Proclamation is sometimes regarded as Canada's first constitution, and retains its constitutional significance today.

In fact, the Proclamation was explicitly entrenched in S. 25 of Charter of Rights and Freedoms, as part of the Constitution Act of 1982.

Edit: This answer is probably insufficient, and my background is in contemporary Canadian politics, as opposed to history.