For Korea: In the early modern period (Choson/Joseon) when Edo was so large, not really. From Michael J Seth's A History of Korea from Antiquity to Present:

Choson Korea was only modestly urbanized. The largest city was Seoul, whose population probably peaked in the late eighteenth century at 200,000. If the two river ports of Map’o and Yongsan and a few other adjoining communities are added, the metropolitan area was about 300,000, about the size of contemporary Berlin in Prussia but far smaller than London and Paris.

Seoul in the late eighteenth century was followed in size by Pyongyang and Kaesong, each with 30,000, and by the southern cities of Chonju and Sangju with 20,000 each. Ten or eleven other towns had about 10,000 people.

Unlike those in Western Europe, Japan, or China, Korean cities, even Seoul, lacked a vibrant urban culture. Partly this was due to the humble status of merchants, the modest scale of commercial enterprise, and the Neo-Confucian emphasis on decorum that inhibited a lively cultural life. In addition, most yangban, even when living in Seoul or another city, identified with their country homes, where they most often returned after retiring from public office. Furthermore, much of learning and scholarship in late Choson centered around the hundreds of scattered, mostly rural sowon.

In the late 18th century, Choson had 15+ million inhabitants, so those in cities probably didn't make up more than a tiny fraction of the population. Beyond the cities too, Korean envoys at the time noted that the kingdom was lacking in infrastructure and so on compared to China and Japan.

That said, this is in a bit of a contrast to Korea's Silla period, about a thousand years before that. In the Samguk Yusa (one of the main surviving historical sources for early Korean history, although it was compiled in the 1200s, well after the fact), the kingdom's capital was said to have had nearly 200,000 households (generally taken to mean ~1 million people), along with tiled roofs on every house "with not a thatched roof in sight." It's likely exaggerating things a bit there, but the archaeology still points to a massive city, with a large mercantile sector and even a sewer system (a few months back, they even found a "flush" toilet). Silla was a much more mercantile society than Choson, with direct trade links as far as the Middle East, and the Neo-Confucian attitudes Seth talks about a bit (in the quotes above) as inhibiting urban growth weren't present at the time, which might explain some of the difference.