There is one article about the famed 12th century Benedictine Abbess, Catholic Saint, and polymath Hildegard of Bingen which fairly directly answers your question. In short, the author argues that regardless of whether Hildegard would have been diagnosed as being on the autism spectrum today, that we have ample historical evidence indicating she displayed many hallmark diagnostic criteria, behaviors, and practices. The author illustrates how perfectly the monastic lifestyle of extreme repetition/structure, limited social interaction, etc. seem perfectly calculated to create a comfortable environment where someone non-neurotypical could thrive, much as Hildegard did after a chaotic childhood filled with visions. I wish I could write more summary here, but I don't have access to the article right now and am mostly working off memory of reading it a year ago.
Abstract:
The article brings together contemporary research on autism spectrum disorder and historical sources concerning the medical condition of a 12th century nun, Hildegard of Bingen, to test two hypotheses: first, that Hildegard manifested disabilities that meet the criteria for autism spectrum disorder and, second, that medieval monasticism was unwittingly well-suited to treat Hildegard’s condition. Abundant Hildegardian sources document traces of autism spectrum disorder behaviour in Hildegard’s unusual childhood and the composite picture that emerges, when these individual traits are gathered together, is consistent with an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. The role monasticism played in helping Hildegard overcome these behaviours is documented and aspects that monasticism shares with modern autism spectrum disorder treatment programs are identified. By recognizing the presence of autism spectrum disorder traits in a major cultural leader of another era and by identifying the type of life she lived while those traits were minimized, we gain insight into the history of autism, medieval monastic life and effective elements of autism spectrum disorder treatment.