In December of 1941 the Army's Hawaiian Department was led LT General Walter Short and consisted of about 43,000 Army soldiers. Organized around 2 under strength infantry divisions (24th and 25th), 4 Coastal Artillery, and 4 Anti Air Artillery regiments, and assorted support and auxiliary formations. In the air he had 1 Pursuit and 1 Bomber Wing, having on strength about 60 bombers(less than half were of the most modern make), and 150 fighters, of which 100 were P-40's and the rest older models.

Additionally there was a modest USMC ground presence based around Pearl and Ewa Field, totaling about 700 men and about 60 aircraft.

The Navy itself was in a rougher spot, essentially having to face the paradox of robbing the active fleet units to second them to 14th Naval District for base and local defense. However every destroyer working the defense booms and local patrols meant that unit was less ready for immediate action, couldnt be in the yard being repaired, and her crew couldnt train or rest. Same story with the 70 odd PBY's available to the fleet for the entire central Pacific. While present the fleet as a function of its main role committed a minimum of resources to base defense, though in the event of war plans did call for more naval assets to be used for local defense and scouting.

This also does not count the 100's of sailors representing the manpower of the shore establishment of the naval base, and the 1000's who were the crew of the ships. In the event of immediate need those men absolutely would have been pressed into battle. Indeed in the aftermath of the actual attack man listless and orphaned sailors found guns pressed into their hands and ordered to guard the docks or other points of value to the last no matter what happened.

For what I would say is arguably one of the best short form digestible works on the attack that also has more specifics than most is actually from the US Army War College.

This is their Staff Ride guidebook for groups of students who are looking at the attack. http://usacac.army.mil/cac2/cgsc/carl/download/csipubs/StaffRideHB_PearlHarbor.pdf