Hi there -- you may be interested in some of these older answers from our Mapping and Cartography section of the FAQ, in particular this by u/khosikulu:

https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/ztdfb/how_are_maps_made_or_drawn_before_satellites/c67suhy/

and this collaboration among khosikulu, u/mrdowntown and u/MarcEcko:

https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1bisrw/how_did_old_cartographers_make_such_accurate_maps/