No, he did not. I appreciate the sentiment. Mesoamerica was full of cities and many were equivalent to European counterparts in size, but there were not twenty massive cities (200,000+) between the coastline of Veracruz and Tenochtitlan.

That said, Tenochtitlan easily rivaled the largest European cities. It probably had a population of over 250,000 people. The largest European cities at the time would have been between 100,000-200,000 people (Paris, Naples, Milan).

The Basin of Mexico (roughly today's Mexico City's urban area) may have easily had 1 million plus if you count all the other altepetl (city-states) Azcapotzalco, Texcoco, Tlacopan, Tacuba, Xochimilco, Coyoacan, among others.

Cortes encountered a number of large cities between the coast and Tenochtitlan including Cempoala and Tlaxcala, but neither of those would have been larger than the largest European city. They probably rivaled most Spanish cities of the time.

The evidence for this is scattered far and wide. So although Wikipedia is not always the most reliable source, this page on historical urban sizes is reasonably well sourced and gives a pretty good picture (look at the top cities ca 1500).