What were the American colonists' reactions to the government of Oliver Cromwell?

by 3ndofdays

Is there any record of average colonist opinion of the English Civil War, Cromwell's victory, Charles I's execution, Cromwell's government and the eventual restoration of the monarchy?

Also, what was Cromwell's attitude towards the colonies and how was it different than the monarchy had been?

Mannequinlovers

It would be hard to say there was an average colonist at that time. The colonies were perhaps just as polarized as merry old England itself!

From Alan Taylor's American Colonies (2001)

New England and the Mid-Atlantic colonies were respectively safe havens for extremists from either side in this dispute, prior to the war even beginning. Plenty of Puritans or Congregationalist Calvinists from NE even returned to England to join the Roundhead cause, on the side of Oliver Cromwell. Meanwhile, plenty of Cavalier refugees left England for Virginia when their side lost. Hiding out through the Restoration, some were rewarded by King Charles II with the colonies to the south, which not-coincidentally translated his name into theirs, "Carolinas." With the Restoration, some Roundhead veterans went into exile in what is now Connecticut. Their presence drew royal scrutiny and retribution, culminating in Connecticut annexing the more radical religious commune of New Haven.

Perhaps even more interesting was the response in the Caribbean colonies. Barbados remained loyal to the King until a Republican fleet arrived to force the planters to switch their loyalties. An unexpected outcome of this intervention was that Cromwell's navy next sailed for Jamaica and captured it from Spain. No one reading this should ever again fall into the assumption that republics are any less imperialist or slave-labor friendly than monarchies. Bermuda's Puritans brought the island in line with Cromwell, but during the Restoration, they went into exile, adding to England's empire by founding colonies in the Bahamas.

From Carla Pestana's The English Atlantic in an Age of Revolution (2007)

If there was any truly transformative period of "benign neglect" in the history of the English/British empire, it was during this time of war among the Three Kingdoms (England, Scotland, Ireland). Left to their own devices, English (and non-English) colonists got busy trading slaves, writing laws solidifying their labor system, accumulating capital via relatively unfettered trade, and came to know themselves as free-born white Englishmen with liberties. At once learning from Cromwell's republicanism and resisting his imperial attempts at consolidating the territories into one unified whole, the colonists were oftentimes resistant to the English Republic whenever it tried to rule. Contrast the legacies of this rather enriching period of disorder with the more regimented imperialism under the iron fist of Spain, and you'll notice that a potential legacy was that the English colonies were more independent and began establishing more sovereignty, from early on. That indeed makes the Civil War into preconditioning for the 13 American colonies' secession.