The Swedish army of this era was indelt, meaning it was a semi-professional force consisting of volunteers that signed a contract to become a soldier. In return, he got a small pay, was supplied with weapons on the state's dime from state-run manufacturies and was awarded a croft for him and his family to live in and farm at. His croft and equipment beyond the weapons were provided by his rote, a set of free-holding farmers who in return for providing the soldier (they were responsible for finding him), who were often a relative of one of the farmers (usually a crofter), enjoyed lower or no taxes and were extempt from conscription themselves.
The soldier provided had to be hale and hearty, fit, of good health and of sound mind.
Cavalrymen were provided by a rusthåll rather than a rote. A rusthåll had more farms than a rote, considering they had to provide a horse and its equipment as well as a soldier.
Officers were provided a full farm rather than a croft and enoyed the income of several farms around their own as well.
The army was organised into regiments (1 200 men), which were divided into battalions (600 men, the main combat unit), which was divided into companies (150 men), which were divided into korpralskap (corporal-ships) of 25 men.
Old (and sick, maimed, rounded etc.) soldiers were retired and new ones signed up at a generalmönstring (general muster) that was held every three years. A new recruit would have been found by the rote and would be introduced to his regiment, battalion, company and korpralskap at the generalmönstring.
The regiments were county-based and the companies recruited and based in the same area of the county, with the officer living closeby. Becomign a soldier was often a step up in status for a son of a crofter or farmhand - not only did they have more rights and dues from the farmers than a regular crofter, they were often taught how to read (and even write, they were considered separate things at this time) and would travel for training and drill and later war and would be much more well-travelled and experienced in foreign and interesting things than the regular crofter or even farmer. The officers were required to care for the men and ensure that they were living healthy and moral lives and keeping themslelves fit. This often meant that officers visited weddings and christenings of the soldiers and their children, were invited to feasts and celebrations and so on. As officers were often lower nobility and influential locally, soldiers usually had a high-ranking protector if any of their rote farmer tried to extract more than the agreed upon corvee labour for the croft, for example.
The army met up by company for a few days to a week 6-12 times a year, met by regiment for 2-3 weeks once per year and every three years, several regiments met for a generalmönstring for up to a month.
A korpralskap placed the experienced soldiers in the first and last rank of the formation (usually 4 ranks deep, sometimes 6) as they could then set the pace and guide the less experienced men between them.
The soldiers of a village or area would march together to their company meeting (in larger more sparsely populated counties, this could take more than a day) and there they would be drilled in marching and manouvering in formation, live reload and fire exercises, advancing in combat formation (4 or 6 ranks deep, dependin on wether normal or späckad formation was used) over uneven terrain and mock charges, which meant lining up, advancing on the enemy in formation, releasing a salvo of the first two ranks at 70 steps from the enemy and another from the second two ranks at 20 steps (changed to 20 and 10 1708) and then charging - still in formation - with pike and bayonet, or rapier/smallsword in hand (all Swedish soldiers, pikemen and musketeers both, carried a rapier/smallsword, usually a värja m/1685 of which 300 000 was made).
Fitness or stamina exercises were rare - focus was mostly on being able to march, manouvre and charge in formation, which required extensive drill together with the other men in that formation, with live fire drills being a distant second.
When the regiment met, two full battalions would be formed, and exercised and drilled in the same things - just the full battalion instead of just a company. The battalion could either deploy 150 men wide and 4 ranks deep, with the 200 pikemen at the center and the 400 musketeers at either flank (200 on each flank) or in a späckad formation, 6 ranks deep and 100 men wide, with the pikemen as the 3rd and 4th rank the whole length of the battalion.
During the generalmönstring when several regiments met, mock battles were staged to ensure both men and animals could stand the sounds and smells of the battlefield and that officers could control their formations and wheel them about, manouvre and fight in formation when an "enemy" did unexpected things.
During wartime, recruits were put through a shortened version of the set of meetings and were either sent to the army to replenish losses and placed between the aforment mentioned experienced soldiers in the formation or were formed into tremänninge (second cousin) regiments that were essentially copies of of the original regiment and intended to reinforce the field army with new formations.
The bottom line is that most of the time for a new recruit would be spent trying to march and charge correctly while in formation, guided by his officer and corporal and the experienced soldiers in front and back of him. If he was a musketman, he would also practice live fire drill.