You might want to be a little specific on what era or aspect that you're interested in. The Venture of Islam series is a good comprehensive book, while a outdated. Alternatively, The Prophet and The Age of Caliphates and The Age of the Crusades, The Near East from the Eleventh Century to 1517 still holds up to this day. If you're interested in the Great Arab Conquests, Great Arab Conquests by Hugh Kennedy and In God's Path by Hoyland are excellent. If you want a general overview of Islamic empires and societies throughout the ages (not just pre-Ottoman), see A History of Islamic Societies