I would like to learn more about their daily routines, challenges, interactions with other scientists, and evolution of their thinking about science. In addition to typical autobiographies, I am also looking for science books that discuss the above, e.g., Kahneman's "Thinking, fast and slow."
Thank you!
(and you won't find much about it - who wants to read about admin work, reviewing papers, teaching prep, student consultation, marking, more admin, etc., when you can read about science instead)
This is incorrect on some levels of incorrect. While it is perhaps true that daily administrative routines aren't the focus of most work of this kind, there is much work done on the practice of science by scientists, and their lives, and it is very interesting. The Collins suggestions are good. Harry Collins, a sociologist, has spent decades observing scientists in their natural habitats and writing about them. He is also a good writer. I've not read Gravity's Kiss but Gravity's Ghost and Big Dog is really entertaining for academic sociology.
Responding to your refined query (you would like to become a better scientist), I'm not if this is the way to become a better scientist precisely, but certainly there are things you can read that would help you to think about what it means to be a scientist:
A good relatively easy-reading introduction to the philosophy of science is What is this thing called science? by Alan Chalmers. I recommend it as a complication of how some people think about science (and how philosophers thought about science in the first half of of the 20th century). I'm a historian and I found it understandable and interesting.
A more historical approach you might find in Peter Galison's Einstein's Clocks and Poincare's Maps: Empires of Time which follows these two contemporaries through their work and its relationship to time-related technologies of the end of the 19th century, such as the telegraph. It's intended for a popular audience.
Something older and more complicated that still you might find value in--because it is a sort of guidebook to "doing science", or at least has sometimes been treated as one by scientists--is Bruno Latour (another sociologist in the vein of Collins)'s Science in Action. This looks at the often paradoxical ways in which scientists construct scientific facts.
Biographically, you might find Andrea Wulf's The Invention of Nature: Alexander von Humboldt's New World interesting. It's a recent, accessible biography.
Autobiography: Hanbury Brown, Boffin, A Personal Story of the Early Days of Radar, Radio Astronomy and Quantum Optics, CRC Press, 1991, https://books.google.com/books/about/Boffin.html?id=jWIe46x13p0C
Not so much about daily routines (and you won't find much about it - who wants to read about admin work, reviewing papers, teaching prep, student consultation, marking, more admin, etc., when you can read about science instead), but more about the challenges and interactions than most autobiographies.
What you are asking about is part of what the sociology of science studies, so this might be a useful field for you. You could start with Collin and Pinch:
and perhaps also