I'm wondering if people in the ancient times had some sort of notion about radioactivity and what it does before miss Curie and her contemporaries studied it.
Ancient peoples had no notion or hint of radioactivity. Natural radioactivity is not intense enough to be noticed without apparatus at least as specialized as photographic film. The earliest account of radioactivity is the late-19th century — Roentgen and Becquerel, basically, contemporaries of the Curies.