Considering there was, as far as I am aware, no common language each party could communicate with.
Your awareness is mistaken -- Native Americans were perfectly capable of (and do today) learn English, although during the colonial and expansionist eras of the American nation learning English was often accompanied with violence, up to and including being mandatory as part of the genocides perpetuated by the United States against native American tribes.
I talked about how "Squanto" learned English in this older answer; his tale of captivity and enslavement by European as well as American groups is sadly not unusual for the time. It also illustrates the fact that native groups used interpreters to communicate with European colonizers (and vice versa) from very early on in the colonial period -- European coastal raiding resulted in captives before they settled in the Americas.
These posts from u/snapshot52 detail the forced assimilation, English teaching and attempted destruction of native languages, and may be of some interest to you:
and