Bronze Age Troy is studied within the broader context of western Anatolia, which has its own very interesting history. There is general agreement that the inhabitants of Bronze Age western Anatolia were speaking a language(s) in the Anatolian branch of Indo-European, but the language cannot be pinpointed more precisely than that; the traditional hypothesis is Luwian, but they may well have been speaking Proto-Lydian, Proto-Carian, etc. instead. The ethnicity and language(s) of the Trojans remain unclear since no texts have been discovered at the site.

For a detailed account of the linguistic situation and history of western Anatolia, including Ilios/Troy (Hittite Wiluša), see my response to Was Ancient Troy based in a dim memory of a Luwian Confederation?

For the later settlements at Troy, see Brian Rose's The Archaeology of Greek and Roman Troy.