It depends.

The 19th century was a century of upheaval within the Russian Empire. The building tension between the Tsarist State and the People. It saw the first glimmers of revolution with the Decembrists and the myriad of problems that happened with the Emancipation of the Serfs in 1861. These upheavals caused a shift in punishment dealt during the Russian Empire. Prior to the 19th century the Death Penalty was not a punishment except for cases of treason. We see this carried out with the Pugachev Rebellion and then the Decembrists who both had capital punishment, with five of the leaders executed by hanging and then the rest were exiled... to Siberia. This punishment is the most common for the Russian Empire, and included women who committed crimes.

The upheaval after the emancipation and further conflict between the autocracy and *intelligentsia* led to assassination attempts on the Tsar for which Alexander II was assassinated in 1881 by the group *Narodnaya Volya* or *The People's Will*. For their planning the large portion of the group was arrested and sentenced to death, including two women; Sophia Perovskaya and Gesya Gelfman. The latter's sentence was commuted due to the fact that she was pregnant, so that she would then be executed 40 days after birth of the child. Perovskaya was executed with the other members of Narodnaya Volya, the first woman in Russia to be sentence to death for political crimes. Interestingly enough, the New York Times had an obituary for Perovskaya two weeks ago.

Vera Figner, another member of Narodnaya Volya would be caught in 1884 and would be sentenced to death, however her sentence would be commuted to exile for 15-20 years in Siberia.

Therefore, like men during the 19th century, the most common punishment would be exile to Siberia, where they would serve in penal colonies either doing hard labour or imprisoned there. In rare cases they would be executed for crimes regarding treason/assassination, however it was rare. This happened more because of the negative Russian viewpoint on capital punishment. A punishment that was banned during the 18th century and was only used during the first half of the 19th century sparingly, until the upheaval of the autocracy began to buckle in which the return of capital punishment returned in regards to treason.