So, I just had look up this claim and predictably, it's BS. In fact, the very source often cited for this claim – E. P. Fridman; D. M. Bowden (January 2009). "The Russian Primate Research Center – A Survivor". Laboratory Primate Newsletter, Volume 48, Number 1. – is actively refuting it, stating:

The truth is that from its inception and throughout its 80-year history there was never an attempt to hybridize apes, much less to cross-breed apes with humans. Professor Ivanov had proposed cross-breeding experiments early on, but his purpose was merely to determine the degree of phylogenetic relationship between apes and humans. There was no absurd thought to create a “new breed of human”. In the spring of 1927, before the center [for primate research] was established, he had conducted an experiment in Africa that involved artificial insemination of three chimpanzee females with human sperm. The attempt took place under formidable conditions in Conakry, then part of French Guinea, in West Africa. Two of the animals died on the ship between Dakar and Marseilles. Autopsies of the two, conducted on the ship, and of the third, by a pathologist at a local Sukhum hospital, yielded no evidence of conception.

The myth of these experiments was spread by science fiction writer Eremi Parnov, who claimed in the 90s to have found classified documents proving that this took place but never shared them or detailed their content, while files on Ivanov's experiments had already been readily available.

Ivanov himself lost his position in the center for primate research in 1929 and in 1930 came under political suspicion by Stalinist authorities leading to his arrest and forced exile in Siberia, where he died in 1932 of a stroke. The center for primate research itself was a project initiated by N. A. Semashko, then Minister of Public Health, and other Moscow scientists and while it did enjoy support by the ministry, the experiments that took place there were for the most part quite run of the mill when compared to other primate research around the world at the same time.

So, basically, Ivanov did not attempt to create a human-ape hyprid, he simply tried what would happen if apes were inseminated with human sperm. While he proposed further insemination experiments, there is no evidence they ever took place, aimed at anything else than finding out what effect it would have and have since become sensationalized to the point of fiction.

Follow up - have there been any attempts to do this, even if this guy didn't? How'd that go?