People tend to think of pre-Colonial Native American societies - those north of Mexico at least - as being predominantly nomadic, but in truth very few were. Modern perception is skewed by the fact that the nomadic societies of the Great Plains, like the Lakota and the Comanche, were among those that thrived and resisted the longest in the face of Euroamerican expansionism. Many of those nomadic societies, however, are post-colonial in origins, adopting a lifestyle that was made possible only after the re-introduction of the horse to North America.

My main area of interest is the Eastern Woodlands (map). In that region at the time of European contact, there were no nomadic societies. People certainly traveled, often for hundreds of miles, but they also had homesteads, villages, towns, and cities they they'd return to. The exact nature of these communities vary considerably between nations. Since I'm a bit pressed for time at the moment, I'll give a few quick examples. We can get into more specifics if you have follow-up questions.

• Among the Haudenosaunee - the Iroquois Confederacy - in modern day upstate New York, people lived in villages of longhouses. These were generally 20-foot wide buildings with a corridor down the long axis, dividing single-family compartments. They could vary considerably in length, with the longest being over 300 feet. These communities were inhabited year round, but in the early part of the winter, many men and a few women would go on hunting expeditions that could take them far from home for weeks or months at a time. Ideally, though, they'd be back home for the Midwinter ceremonies.
• Among the Miami, originally from the southern end of Lake Michigan, but more commonly associated with Indiana and western Ohio, most people would live in large summer communities, the largest of which was Kekionga, or modern-day Fort Wayne, Indiana. A typical pre-colonial Miami house was made of wattle-and-daub walls with a thatched roof, comparable in size to the Euroamerican' settlers own cabins. They're essentially the same style of homes built by older Mississippian cultures like Cahokia. During the winter, many of the families would disperse out to winter homesteads. During the summer, some Miami men would trek out to the Plains to hunt bison, but they'd return before the community dispersed for the winter.
• Pre-colonial and early colonial Cherokee families typically had a summer house and a winter house built side-by-side in the same community. The summer house resembles the style of the Miami houses mentioned above. The winter house round and partially sunken and covered entirely in earth for insulation.

There were a number of tribes that were either sedentary or partially sedentary. The Anasazis, in the Southwest is a great example. Pueblo Bonita in Chaco Canyon, in present day New Mexico, was home to a very large non-nomadic tribe. At its height, it’s population was over 5,000. And that was just the central city for the area. The city’s downfall was that its inhabitants committed what is called ecocide, where they destroyed the environment in which they lived, to the point where it was virtually uninhabitable.

The Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara tribes of North Dakota are also a great example. Each built substantial towns and cities along the Missouri River. Because of this, they served as a major trade center for North America. It was with these tribes that Lewis and Clark would stay a winter with, and really get a lot of help for completing their expedition. It was also with these tribes, since they were largely agricultural, that many nomadic tribes came to in times of need and to trade.