They still exist in the Republic of China, on Taiwan, where you have an Examination Yuan along with the Legislative and Executive Yuans. It is a strange system, as a member of the Legislative Yuan is not quite a legislator in the western sense of the word (those were in the National Assembly, dormant since 1949 and abandoned in the 1990s) and the lawmakers often subsume the functions of the Examination Yuan.

I always see Taiwan as a sort of crackpot democracy bolted onto the Kuomintang’s authoritarian framework, which shouldn’t work, but shambles along very well.

As for China, I couldn’t say.