Not discouraging other responses here, but while you're waiting, you may be interested in these previous answers
/u/AlviseFalier in Why is there so much poverty and corruption in Southern Italy? Was this always the case?
/u/abbamouse in What is the cause of the cultural differences between northern and southern Europe?
/u/marsianwalrus in Why are countries generally split politically, economically, socially, etc. along North-South lines?