Hi, not discouraging other contributions here, but you might be interested in some earlier answers

• /u/xRathke provides an overview of medical thought in What did pre-germ theory people think was going on when a cut got infected?

• /u/staples11 in During the buccaneering era of piracy (1650-1680), was pistol use commonplace for pirates? If one was shot during a seabattle, could the ship surgeon really do much to heal you back to full health after, or would you generally be considered a goner?

• /u/jhd3nm steps through later advances in battlefield treatment in US Military History: I made it back alive, but I've been shot in the thigh. What sort of medical attention do I receive and what are my chances for survival in 1862, 1917, 1944, 1968, and 1991?