Was there at any point paid maternity leave in Nazi Germany?

by Warrior5108

I read one source saying there was but it had no proof and I cant find any other evidence

cchiu23
kieslowskifan

To add a little bit to the linked answer of mine, legislation for paid maternity leave began under the Kaiserreich. Mutterschaftsversicherung/ Mutterschaftsgeld was part of Bismarck's panoply of Sozialversicherung (social insurance) and German law allowed for around three weeks of paid leave after a female worker gave birth. Obviously there were variations in which women could take advantage of the system; factory labor was considered different than farm or domestic labor both of which were excluded from the system. And wage compensation could be less than working rates, often at about 50%. One common denominator though was the benefits were often too little and not enough for women who were breadwinners or primary caregivers. The Weimar Republic expanded some of the benefits and reformed a few of the system's shortcomings. The Republic's legislation expanded time off to twelve weeks instead of three and also increased the compensation. But this was still a source of disgruntlement within the Republic as benefits seldom covered German mothers' needs.

The Third Reich inherited the Republic's Sozialversicherung policies and outside of centralizing the system and Aryanizing them, the dictatorship really did not change these policies all that much. In the case of Mutterschaftsversicherung, there was a lot of talk about natalism and the importance of motherhood to the Volksgemeinschaft, but it too very little substantive action in the 1930s. The state though did expand coverage for mothers in 1942. This included enfolding agricultural workers into the system and allowing for full wages for six weeks of maternity leave. Yet the timing of this expansion had less to do with the social reform aspects of the NSDAP (which were never that strong to begin with) and were more about trying to maximize the Aryan workforce. Germany suffered from acute labor shortages at the start of hostilities and that only grew as the war expanded. This was part of a larger set of incentives the state offered to maximize the potential numbers of Aryans within the workforce. Robert Ley tried to have some of these new benefits apply to non-working mothers but Hitler personally vetoed it as too expensive for the German state. While these social insurance incentives were the new carrots for the German workforce, there were also some very strong sticks as well. The state had already begun cracking down on "work-shy" individuals in 1938 and the war escalated this process. /u/commiespaceinvader 's answer of theirs covers some of the nastier parts of this process. So while the state did expand coverage for Aryan workers in wartime, it coexisted with some very repressive measures designed to punish those who were allegedly not pulling their weight.

So there you have it. Paid maternity leave did exist under the Nazis, just as it did during the Republic and Imperial Germany. The system seldom really met the needs of actual mothers and even reforms of the system were laden with patriarchal assumptions about both the primary purpose of women to German society as well as the innate lesser value of women's work. The Nazis were more or less inclined to keep the Republic's system of social welfare intact after Aryanizing it and it was only wartime pressures that forced a change.