I've answered this question previously here. The short answer is that this is mostly just empty stereotyping. All regions produced all kinds of warriors (though in varying numbers and to varying quality). No Greek city-state ever shunned missile weapons (and very few ever embraced hoplite training). However, over time, some regions came to be pigeonholed for particular specialisms, usually for reasons of local tradition, local geography, or noted mercenary service. The latter in particular created a self-reinforcing feedback loop: Crete was famous for its archers, so if you wanted good archers you hired Cretans, which made it attractive for Cretans to be good archers, so Crete was famous for its archers.