Is your question alluding to the Israel/Palestine conflict or do you simply mean American’s personal attitudes to the two faiths?

As far as I’m aware there wasn’t any public polling in regards to attitudes towards Muslims and Islam before 9/11. There is a much longer history of polling on attitudes towards Jews and Judaism, and as recently as the 40/50s/60s a majority of Americans were to some extent anti-Semitic: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/9/4/107/htm

At the very least it’s not clear to me what you mean by Americans supporting “Judaism over Islam.” Even if better data existed I don’t think this can really be framed in this way.

That is unless you’re alluding to Israel-Palestine in which case there is a clear record and history of popular opinion for supporting Israel over its Arab neighbors.

Questions on historical attitudes towards religious groups might get a better response somewhere like /r/asksocialscience. If you do mean Israel/Palestine though I can get into some of the historical reasons for those attitudes and why that relationship exists.