French does not follow this pattern. 22 is vingt-deux (twenty-two). This pattern is typical of Romance languages, for example Spanish 22 is viente dos and Italian is ventidue. Both Aldi following the "twenty two" pattern.

French is different for numbers 70 tp 99 but the spoken order persists, still with the same pattern with the larger number first. 77 is soixante-dix-sept (sixty-seventeen).

Where you've possibly been led astray is that 80 is specifically quatre-vingt or four-twenty. But numbers above 80 still follow the "twenty two" pattern, so 99 is quatre-vingt-dix-neuf (ie four-twenty-nineteen).

For our purposes we can ignore those higher numbers because it's the numbers 20 to 69 that are important. It was probably French influence which introduced the modern pattern of speech, but still slowly and with a long period of co-existence, and indeed with expressions in the older form still surviving.

It appears to have begun displacing the older "two and twenty" form around the 1500s, which is several hundred years after the Norman French conquest of England, suggesting a pretty slow march:

A perhaps more signicant change in English is the ordering of expressions including both units and tens. Whereas German and Dutch and the older forms of the Germanic languages form such expressions with the units first and the tens second, as in ein und zwanzig in German, English has twenty one (twenty and one in earlier stages of the language).

This change appears from OED citations to have begun around the 1500s and may be a result of the Romance inflence on English (mirroring for example the French vingt et un). This is a change which has not come easily and examples of the previous Germanic form still exist in English not only in such contexts as old nursery rhymes (four and twenty blackbirds) but in time expressions, at least in older speakers and some regional speakers of English (five and twenty past). Frisian follows Dutch and German in this which is not surprising if the Romance inuence on English is the reason behind the variance.

That's from A lexical analysis of numeral expressions in Dutch, English and German by Lynne Cahill and Gerald Gazdar. University of Sussex, 1997.