Yes, they did. During the first decade after the October revolution Christmas wasn't that important (even though New Year's Eve was much celebrated). But, in 1935, many Christmas traditions were re-adopted as part of a new secular celebration.
Indeed, they adopted the traditions of decoration of a tree, or "ёлка", festive decorations and family gatherings, the visit by gift-giving "Ded Moroz" (Дед Мороз) and his granddaughter, "Snegurochka" (Снегурочка).
