How was commerce between Neolithic + Early Bronze Age tribes / Civilisations undertaken?

by ActualTax

I apologise if it's a vague question that we don't have enough information on.

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Specifically regarding the Amber Routes to/from the Baltic; as far as Britannica is concerned; were:

used... by Etruscan and Greek traders to transport amber and tin from northern Europe.

  • Was the tin mined and amber collected by the locals?
    • If so, what goods were likely exchanged?
  • Were there settlements merchants would stop at between the origin of the goods and the destination?
    • How were the settlements organised (Were they tribes, or even considered uncivilised?)
    • Were they generally considered "wealthy," being on a significant route?

Any other knowledge regarding ancient trade would also be nice. (

  • Were there any policies regarding imports/exports from civilisations pre-Roman times?)

thank you very much for your time!

beepybeetle

I cannot fully answer your question regarding the west as my academic focus is late Imperial China but I can tell you about some Bronze age trading.

The Shang (1550s - 1046 BCE) and Zhou (1046 - 256 BCE) dynasties in China used bronze as a ritually significant material even though Zhou dynasty writings confirm that iron smelting knowledge was present during that time. Now there probably was some sort of trade going on between feudal China and the west as Chinese jade was used to make artisanal artifacts in a Scythian sort of style (there are pictures of such articles online, and I know for sure that the British Museum has some, too lazy to source it). Chinese silks have also been found in Germany from as early as the 6th century BCE (Christopoulos, L., 2012). It’s not too hard to imagine therefore, that bronze wares were also exchanged on ancient trade routes. There is still debate as to the full extent as to how much Western skills impacted the work of ancient Chinese metallurgists as written records are super scarce but some sort of cultural exchange was highly likely.