So I am far from a historian and been I'm sure others will have much more info but I'll toss in some info from my understanding.

He could have just not invaded or not gone as far.

So Napoleon was worried about Russia calling up and trainning more and more of her massive population for the army and just being too large. He was also concerned with Austria and Prussia joining Russia and just being too powerful to deal with.

So he could have just waited and let Russia come to him, but he risked losing some of his allies in the area such as saxony, Bavaria and the duchy or warsaw.

He could have also just not gone all the way to Moscow or set up winter camp and go to Moscow in the spring.

Napoleon had no intention of going to Moscow at the start of his campaign. He thought he would force a large battle with the Russian army, win, and then the Czar would sue for peace. Unfortunately the Russian strategy was just to pull back and stuck Napolean deep into Russia and stretch his supply lines too thin.

Napoleon really wanted that battle victory and kept chasing the Russian army until it was too late and they were too deep.

Another error on Napoleons strategy was that he helped one of his generals become the king of Sweden, and he assumed that Sweden would open a northern front to weaken the Russians. Turns out that general was not that big of a Napoleon fan and formed an alliance with Russia instead.

The entire invasion is riddled with bad choices. A large number of generals wanted to stop and go into winter camp around the end of August I believe, however Napoleon thought he had time to make it to Moscow and back. He also waited in Moscow for too long waiting for a response from the Czar about a peace deal that the Czar was never going to accept.

Anyways I know this is not the best response but hope it helps a little until someone more knowledgeable comments.

If you are interested then i would recommend the book Napoleon: A Life.

Very interestingg