I'm curious about this whole process of creating Frenchmen from peasants, replacing regional languages with French, exploiting the land and toiling masses during industrialization and generally Frenchifying the country (like the Russian empire's less successful Russification in Poland etc., the Hungarian part of Austria-Hungary's Magyarization etc.) and how it differs from plain old colonialism (or if it wasn't the same process).
Algeria is perhaps closer, being an instance of settler colonialism (but I'm curious about how they treated the native populous), while I don't believe that Vietnam received that many immigrants, although the elites still Frenchified, but what of those outside the cities?
For native population in algeria they were promised that they would became french citizens if they learnt french, accepted french authority and things like that. They were never treated equally to the french, hence the algeria war. French people were encouraged to move to algeria, the government offered them a land and a farm that they had to exploit. It worked well, now i find it difficult to imagine but at the time for everybody algeria was french, it was just like any other department.
I can't tell you for vietman, i should learn about this part of french history.