Edit: The TL;DR is at the bottom.

I've been researching for a little while now, though largely through a literary lens, rather than a purely historical one (they bleed into one another though). This is a complicated question so I'll break it down into two parts. Also forgive my formatting and lack of links as I'm writing this on mobile - but any key information should be easy to find with a quick Google search.

The direct answer for your question as to why there are no Indian-made maps is that there aren't any surviving maps - Joseph E. Schwartzberg's rather comprehensive atlas of the Indian subcontinent ('A Historical Atlas of South Asia') attests to this. It's a very curious oddity considering the Gupta empire of the 3rd century practiced intricate drawings and written poetry (Kalidasa is a very important figure for this, alongside the Udayagiri caves - more on this later).

But to answer another related question of whether there are maps of the Indian subcontinent during the medieval period and prior to the British colonisation: yes, there is, though a little complicated.

Cartography would have been around during the Gupta empire's reign, judging by the fact that the Indians were incredibly adept and advanced in cosmology, astrology, architecture and various other technologies and arts. These branches of science and technology are directly linked with the practice and artistry of cartography. The aforementioned Udayagiri caves is evidence of a form of cartographical thinking. Its iconography depicts an advanced society but, more importantly, verifies a basic level of map-making, charting the Yamuna river. Moreover, the construction of temples that - according to the historian Susan Gole in her books 'Early Maps of India' and 'Indian Maps and Plans' - had identical bricks, even though the temples were far apart, suggests there was a system of transport that had to involve the use of maps.

Art is an important source for our question. Kālidāsa, an important and prominent contemporaneous scholar and writer , narrates the expansion of Gupta rule beyond the borders of India. Through narrations regarding topography, we are able to roughly trace the sphere of influence and conquest on a modern map, so it stands to reason that the Indians themselves had a good understanding of it, just that they had a rather basic level of map-making skills*. As anyone who has been to the Vatican can attest, the role of maps in the medieval and renaissance period was not always to chart an accurate landscape, but instead create a quick, easy, at-a-glance map that shows the most important areas of the interior of a country or city, disregarding scale. This is the case for the Udayagiri caves and suggestive of a rudimentary map-making skills.

However, we know for sure that foreign lands (the Greeks and Chinese for instance) held maps of India, though these were in differing periods. For the Greeks, they created their own map of India during the Renaissance period, modelling it after Ptolemy's 'Geographia'. However these maps lacked detail on the interior of the subcontinent, perhaps due to the resources needed to explore, or the relative military might of the Indians that would have made ventures deep into India difficult. As for the Chinese, in the 7th century, they were given a 'Map of the Country' by the Indians, though the map itself is only spoken of, and has not survived.

*One potential reason as to why there was a lack of maps is that if we are to apply linguistic theory, the linguistic branches of sanskrit doesn't have a particular word for 'map'/'cartography', instead borrowing from the neighbouring Arabians, suggesting - at least linguistically - that there was not an innate culture surrounding the importance of cartography. With the adoption of a name, it can mean cartography was introduced, rather than invented within the confines of the Indian subcontinent.

TL;DR : there are no surviving maps during this period. At best there are rudimental maps, found in the Udayagiri wall scriptures. Why? We don't really know, we can only theorise using contextual information.