In Judaism, you are commanded to say the shema at night before sleep and in the morning just after waking, along with having it inscribed on the doorpost of your house and bound to your head and hand (this is listed in the section of the shema called the v’ahavtah).

The translation of the basic shema reads “hear, o Israel, Adonai (a name for God in Hebrew) is our god, Adonai is one. Blessed is God’s honorable/venerable name, our king of the world forever.”

This is a very basic and literal translation that does not deal with the plethora of mysticism attached to each word and phrase, but the idea behind it is to have a daily reminder of being Jewish, and of the covenant between God and the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob (Am Yisrael, the people of Israel).

I don’t know the exact first recorded date of this prayer appearing, however it is included in the Dead Sea Scrolls, so between 3rd centuryBCE-1st century CE, definitely predating The Lord’s Prayer.