I'm aware that Mesoamericans had complex math and arithmetic, but what about modern day US and Canadian land? Did natives here have words that described numbers higher than 1,000? 1,000,000? Did they have the concept of numerical infinity?
One of the commonalities between almost all number systems is that they are scaleable. In the coastal area where i live there were lots of reasons to count into the thousands, for example talking about quantities of goods to be given away at events. For example i can say ts'icwlxsams ts'icwlxsams ts'icwlxs to say a million in Nuxalk. This is 5twenties times 5twenties times 5twenties.
Thay said, for comprehensibility humans generally put large quantities into comprehensible units, so we talk about baskets of berries rather than number of berries, or vehicles full of people rather than individuals, and this trend follows, so we dont hear really big numbers because there is almost always a better unit.
High level numeracy was by no means widespread, but the ability to say large numbers is fairly easy to develop since a speaker will already know all the words.