Did British and French Politicians think that Fascism was a much better alternative to Communism?

by FR3314NC3R
crrpit

Are you thinking of any particular politicians in particular? Both countries were democracies, and a wide variety of politicians were elected with a correspondingly wide variety of beliefs. As you no doubt know, both France and Britain eventually proved willing to go to war with Nazi Germany, which indicates fairly clearly that the majority of politicians in either country saw fascism as an good alternative to anything by that point, though it would take until 1941 for communism to become an on obvious ally in this struggle.

Leading up to the Second World War, undoubtedly some on the conservative end of the spectrum saw fascism as preferable to communism, though it's worth noting that a lot of this latent fascist sympathy somewhere like Britain did not necessarily reflect belief that fascism was a better alternative for Britain. Rather, fascism was seen as an ideology that might be necessary in the context of less politically developed nations, which needed a firm hand in control to sort themselves out, and fascists overseas might be seen as prefereable to the spread of communism there. But in 'advanced' Western democracies like France or Britain, for most politicians the choice did not appear to be as stark as being between either fascism or communism. Particularly in Britain, the political mainstream stayed fairly stable over the interwar period, and the question of which extreme was preferable was something of a moot point domestically. The Communist Party of Great Britain was marginally more effective electorally (winning a seat in West Fife in 1935) and in courting some support among other left-wing groups, while the BUF managed to build a somewhat larger membership base for most of the decade, and was a bit better at courting mainstream media support (most famously through the Daily Mail, though this had largely evaporated as early as 1934).

It's also worth noting that the course of the 1930s saw sympathies shift markedly. The rise of Hitler in particular - and his increasingly obvious expansionist ambitions in the second half of the decade - undermined most of this rather vague approval on the part of British or French conservatives. If nothing else, Nazi ambitions became a clear threat to British and French national/imperial interests, resulting in a clearer conservative case for opposing fascism abroad. By 1939, even before the Second World War broke out, there was a quite broad consensus I think that fascism/nazism was a bigger immediate threat than communism. This was reflected even in the United States: an opinion poll conducted in early 1939 - well before war broke out - asked Americans if, in case of a hypothetical war between Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany, who they would prefer to see win. The overwhelming majority (over 80%) preferred Soviet Russia.

This previous answer of mine on Britain and fascism might be useful for you, and I've answered severeal questions in the past on opposition to fascism in Britain and Europe more broadly if you want the other side of the story.