An additional note to /u/UrAccountabilibuddy - during the Cold War, there wasn't such a thing as "Russian citizens", as there was a Soviet Union, of which the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic was one of the constituent parts.

Russian was de facto the official language of the USSR, and by the period of the Cold War (1945ish to 1991ish) Great Russian nationalism had become an important element in the Soviet government, its outlook, and in the socialization of Soviet citizens.

"Russian" and "Russians" was long used in the US as a shorthand for the USSR, but I really, really need to emphatically state that "Russian" is NOT equivalent to "Soviet". Ethnic Russians were something like half of the Soviet population, which also included millions of Jews, Germans, Poles, Ukrainians, Lithuanians, Finns, Georgians, Armenians, Mongols, Tatars, Turkic people, Persian speakers, indigenous Siberians...the list goes on. While the central government, top military echelons and Moscow-based parts of the Communist Party were increasingly staffed with ethnic Russians in this era, there were still many notable non-Russian Soviet leaders (Stalin being an obvious example, but even the ethnic Armenian Anastas Mikoyan and the ethnic Georgian Eduard Shevardnadze being prominent Soviets involved in foreign policy after Stalin). The non-Russian republics were largely under the control of party members from the republic's titular nationality, although this did change depending on the location and the central government policy during the Soviet era.

I think it's important to stress that point, as in the mid 20th century and onwards there were a number of American communities that originated with immigrants from the Russian Empire or Soviet Union that were not strictly speaking "Russian" - many if not most Azhkenazi Jews would have come from these countries, as well as Mennonite Volga Germans who settled in the Midwest, or the Ukrainian immigrants who settled in Canada's western provinces.

First things first, racism is about antagonism, prejudice, or hate against someone identified as a member of a different race, organizing around access to power. That is, during the Cold War, racism was experienced by Black, Indigenous, Asian, Hispanic and African Americans at the hands of white Americans who had access to power structures. By the mid-1900's, the concept of whiteness in America had expanded to include Russians and white-presenting speakers of Slavic languages. So, in effect, Russians on American soil were not othered in the way non-white people were.

I answered an earlier question about Russian language classes in American schools that speaks to your question.