Thanks for the question. So Anne Frank and her family were transported to Birkenau, the extermination camp section of the Auschwitz camp complex. Unlike other extermination camps such as Treblinka and Sobibor, at Auschwitz a larger number of people were kept alive to perform slave labor, and were killed later, either through selections for the gas chambers, beatings, shootings, or by what the Nazis called "extermination through labor" which meant working someone to death through exhaustion, starvation, and poor living conditions which lead to disease or death by exposure.

In Birkenau an SS officer would separate families on the selection platform just as they arrived. Old people, children, pregnant women, disabled or sick people, anyone who already looked too sick to work, and mothers of small children, were sent directly to the gas chambers to be murdered. In other death camps only a very small number of people were selected for work, there are very very few survivors of these camps. In Birkenau, though most people were killed on arrival, there was a large group of Jewish prisoners kept alive, at least for a short time.

Anne Frank was relatively healthy when she arrived at Auschwitz, she could also pass for a bit older than she was, and so was sent with the adult women to the women's labor camp. She, her sister, and her parents were all chosen for slave labor. During November of 1944, Anne and her sister were transported for slave labor in the Bergen Belsen concentration camp in Germany. This was both because the Nazis wanted to move more of their Jewish prisoners into war production in Germany, but it was also because they wanted to keep control of these people, and so killed or moved most of their Jewish prisoners in Auschwitz before the Red Army could penetrate further into Poland. Because of the crowded conditions in Belsen, there was a severe typhus epidemic, which is how Anne died.