What do we know about pre-European-contact Australian seafaring?

by Helicase21

Do we know anything about traditional boat designs, navigational techniques, etc?

Djiti-djiti

Indigenous Australians were not sea-farers.

However, the initial migration to Australia, 60,000 years ago, may have required incredible sea-faring skills, even with much lower sea levels making crossings shorter. May have, because there are two theories on how they arrived - via the Torres Strait land bridge linking Australia's Cape York with New Guinea; or across the Timor Sea from Timor to the Kimberley, which is also significantly submerged today.

Both are entirely plausible. Archaeological evidence shows ancient man very capable of island-hopping in Indonesia, and the oldest evidence for humans in Australia is in Arnhem Land, halfway between both routes. Any possible landing sites have been deep under water for more than a few thousand years.

That being said, most Indigenous nations used bark canoes. The people of northern Australia learned boat making techniques from Makassan fishermen and Torres Strait Islanders, leading to the use of dugout canoes, which are far more seaworthy. Some Aboriginal individuals were taken to New Guinea and Makassar, with significant cultural and technological exchange (Muslim practices, axes) as a result, but in general Aboriginal cultures tended to prefer their sacred ways of life to those of foreigners.

Someone who has studied northern Australian Aboriginals may know more. Each nation varies quite a bit, especially in the north, and most uni-educated Aussies live in the south, studying local nations. Nor am I an expert on boats a nd navigation. I hope this has helped.

Source:

'First Footsteps' by Scott Cane.

'The Rise and Fall of Ancient Australia' by Geoffrey Blainey.