During the D-day invasion did the allies use smoke grenades and smoke mortars to cover their advance on the beaches? I don’t think I’ve seen any examples of that in movies.

by Sparky831831

Maybe it just doesn’t look as cool in the movies to see a massive cloud on the beach and Germans randomly shooting into it. I haven’t read anything saying this either but admittedly I’ve only read into it a little. The pictures from D-day don’t seem to show any smoke clouds either except for the ones created by bombs going off.

Bigglesworth_

Smoke directly on the beaches during landings was as much of a hindrance as a help. On Omaha beach smoke and dust from naval bombardment and resultant fires caused navigational difficulties for the landing craft, compounded by a strong current, and many landed east of their planned area. This in turn caused issues for the troops in fulfilling their planned assignments, especially where units were separated and had difficulty forming up to start with. The smoke did provide cover in some areas for the US troops to advance, but also obscured enemy positions from naval bombardment from the destroyers offshore.

Appendix 3 - Smoke Plan of Operation Plan No. 2-44 of the Western Naval Task Force, Allied Naval Expeditionary Force specified that "Smoke may be used to screen (a) Convoys, (b) Transport Area,(c) Boat Lanes, (d) Beaches, (e) Gunfire support ships, (f) Minesweeping, and (g) Ports against (h) Observation for control of gunfire, and (i) Air attack" and cautioned officers to bear in mind at all times "(a) the danger of isolating or interfering with effective fire from other units whose task may be more important. (b) the danger of isolating units which must emerge from the smoke into an enemy field of fire." In the event there was little danger of air attack, but the flanks of the invasion were screened from German coastal guns by RAF Boston light bombers fitted with Smoke Curtain Installations (S.C.I.), 342 (Free French) Squadron in the west and 88 Squadron in the east. ([88 Squadron Boston crossing the channel] (http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205022927); [Boston being reloaded with smoke cylinders] (http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205211823); [BBC People's War account of Squadron Leader George Louden of 88 Squadron] (http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/stories/11/a2688311.shtml).)

Off Utah beach the destroyer USS Corry was not covered by the smokescreen from 342 Squadron and was hit by artillery fire, sinking either from the shelling or after hitting a mine; off Sword beach the smokescreen laid by 88 Squadron shielded Allied ships from shore observation but the double-edged nature of smoke meant that it also concealed three German torpedo boats making a sortie out of Le Havre. They burst out of cover, fired 18 torpedoes at the fleet, and safely retired back behind the smoke; despite the mass of Allied ships were in the area, including the battleships Warspite and Ramillies, the only ship hit was the Norwegian destroyer Svenner.