When reading about famous people in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it seems a great many of them suffered a 'nervous breakdown' at some point in their life. While it's obvious that this term is just another name for a condition (or conditions) that existed before and have continued to exist since, it seems particularly prevalent in this period. Why is this?
Look up the history of syphilis. Sometimes it was reported as dementia precox or catatonia but often simply as a nervous disorder or a nervous breakdown. Non-compliant and depressed women were also “medically” diagnosed as hysterical or suffering from nervous breakdown. Sometimes dipsomania was described politely as a nervous breakdown, and things like depression and epilepsy or simply demonstrating/expressing female libido or acting on a homosexual orientation were also labeled as “nervous breakdowns”. But what you are looking at specifically is mainly symptomatic episodes of untreated syphilis.