If you're looking for a well-researched narrative, David Hoffman's The Dead Hand contains a lot about the incident and other things that happened in 1983 that put it into context (the shoot-down of KAL-007, Able Archer, etc.).

There is not a ton of documentation on the incident itself that is public — mainly interviews. There is far more documentation on the other things that happened, e.g. Able Archer (the National Security Archive website has many "electronic briefing books" on this, as well as a book by Nate Jones).