I am watching the third episode, "Fall of Rohm", of BBC's 'Hitler's Circle of Evil'. It is talking about Ernst Rohm and his like for men, and his leadership of the Brownshirt, SA paramilitary service.
The show posits the idea that Heidrich finds evidence that Himmler finds damning against Rohm.. He fuels Hitler's fear of homosexuality to demonstrate that the SA has become a corrupt institution, full of gay orgies, it seems.
What is complicating for me: the night of the SA purge, internal documents state, that the SS find Rohm and others, shacked up with other men. The SS then uses this an excuse to convict them, and eventually execute them.
Regardless of the horrible outcome, was the SS's finding fabricated?..or was the SA that "ahem", sexually liberated?
What's the actual truth here?
That claim is entirely fabricated. In fact, I’m surprised, because I’ve never really seen that argumentation.
Erich Kempka, Hitler’s chauffeur, recounted:
”Hitler entered Röhm's bedroom alone with a whip in his hand. Behind him were two detectives with pistols at the ready. He spat out the words; Röhm, you are under arrest. Röhm's doctor comes out of a room and to our surprise he has his wife with him. I hear Lutze putting in a good word for him with Hitler. Then Hitler walks up to him, greets him, shakes hand with his wife and asks them to leave the hotel, it isn't a pleasant place for them to stay in, that day. Now the bus arrives. Quickly, the SA leaders are collected from the laundry room and walk past Röhm under police guard. Röhm looks up from his coffee sadly and waves to them in a melancholy way. At last Röhm too is led from the hotel. He walks past Hitler with his head bowed, completely apathetic." (Richard Evans, The Third Reich in Power, (2005) p. 31)
There is one account I know of involving an SA member engaging in a homosexual event at the time of the arrest.
Edmund Heines was found in bed with his chauffeur and along with Röhm they were taken to Stadelheim Prison. At the Munich railroad station, the SA leaders were beginning to arrive. As they alighted from the incoming trains they were taken into custody by SS troops. It is estimated that about 200 senior SA officers were arrested during what became known as the Night of the Long Knives.
(Paul R. Maracin, The Night of the Long Knives: Forty-Eight Hours that Changed the History of the World, (2004) p. 120-122)
To go on, there’s little doubt at all about the reasoning behind the Night of Long Knives, and Röhm’s homosexuality had nothing to do with it. Hitler has known Röhm was gay since at least 1925, and though it was seen as generally conflicting with the Nazi Party (or at least the SS’s) aims, that was not what led to the purging of the SA.
Peter Padfield points out that the SA was a threat to the establishment. Röhm regularly preached of socialism, and the SA was “now a huge, heterogeneous and generally discontent army of four million, threatened the hereditary leadership of the Army, the Junker landowners, the bureaucracy, and the heavy industrialists" with talk of a second revolution (Peter Padfield, Himmler: Reichsführer S.S., (1994) p. 141). This constituted a direct threat to Hitler, the SS, and much of the ‘establishment,’ of which there was a close relationship.
To continue, Hitler was convinced Röhm intended to incite a coup:
“Hitler later alleged that his trusted friend Röhm had entered a conspiracy to take over political power. The Führer was told, possibly by one of Röhm's jealous colleagues, that Röhm intended to use the SA to bring a socialist state into existence... Hitler came to his final decision to eliminate the socialist element in the party.” (Louis L Snyder, Encyclopedia of the Third Reich, (1998) p. 298)
This is even a case where — as awful as it is to say — you can let Hitler speak for himself. In his July 13th, 1934 address to the Reichstag. If you intend to search for the speech yourself you can; I’m choosing not to link to it, as many sites are quite dubious and of Neo-Nazi origin, but you can find English transcripts of this address on websites which are not vile.
In the middle of March I took steps to have preparations made for a new wave of propaganda which was to render the German people immune from any attempt to spread fresh poison... The result was that certain tendencies appeared in the ranks was that certain tendencies of the SA which were bound to cause the gravest anxiety...
- Against my express order, and in despite of declarations made to me through the Chief of Staff, Röhm, there had been such an increase in the numbers of the SA. that the internal homogeneity of this unique organization must be endangered.
- Education in the National Socialist world view in the above-mentioned sections of individual higher SA. authorities had been more and more neglected.
- The natural relationship between the Party and the SA. began slowly to be weakened. We were able to establish that efforts were being made, as it seemed systematically, to withdraw the SA. more and more from the mission appointed for it by me and to use it in the service of other tasks or other interests.
- Promotions to posts of leadership in the SA. when they were tested showed that a completely one sided valuation had been set on purely external skill or often only on a supposed intellectual capacity. The great body of the oldest and most loyal SA. men was always more and more neglected when appointments to the post of leader were made or when vacancies had to be filled, while a quite incomprehensible preference was shown for those who had enlisted in the year 1933 who were not specially highly respected in the Movement. Often only a few months membership of the Party, or even only of the SA., was enough to secure promotion to a higher position in the SA. which the old SA. leader could not reach after years of service.
- The behavior of these individual SA leaders who had for the greater part not grown up with the Movement at all was false to National Socialist standards and often positively revolting. It could not be overlooked that it was precisely in these circles that one source of the unrest in the Movement was discovered, in that their incomplete practical National Socialism sought to veil itself in very unseemly demands for a new revolution.
While I’m always quite sickened to post a Hitler speech, this is one situation where the context seems important; Hitler doesn’t cite Röhm’s (or SA member’s) homosexuality as reason for their removal, but rather, the growing threat that the SA became to pose.
It was a massive paramilitary organization, one which Hitler could not ensure was loyal to him.
Here’s hoping my post stands; I don’t usually bother trying to post in this sub, but thought I’d try my best.
I definitely appreciate it..you're answer does seem to be in some direct confrontation with the show..but I asked because it seemed a bit incredulous..
I look forward to a re-read tommorow as well..it's late here..