How did LGBT people identify each other and get involved with their subcultures in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

by NegativeClaim

I'm asking more about the UK than anywhere else, but I'd be very thankful for any information on the subject.

LittleVengeance

Edit: I do realize that it says 19th and 20th but by the time I realized this I had already done all the parts on the 18th century and didn’t want to delete it

One of the most popular locations for the gay men of London was a coffee house ran by Margaret (Mother) Clap. This coffee house which ran from 1724-1726 doubled as what was known as a molly-house. A place for gay men to meet and find sexual partners. She frequently had crowds upwards of 50 people in a night. Samuel Stevens described the place as one where Sometimes they (men) would sit in one another's laps, kissing in lewd manner and using their hands indecently. Then they would get up, dance and make curtsies, and mimic the voices of women . . . . Then they would hug, and play, and toy, and go out by couples into another room on the same floor to be married, as they called it." [1]

Some other areas where the Covent Garden, Moorfields which earned the name the sodomite’s walk, Lincoln’s Inn and the south side of Saint James Park.

Female Dialect, and the assumption of female names or as it was called, The Maiden Name Tradition was a common practice as a way to let others know your orientation. Charles Hitchen, a prominent police officer, was referred to with the titles of Ladyship and Madam while at molly houses. Some even had entirely new names as code. Some such examples were Aunt England, Pomegranate Molly, 'Kate Hutton, Thumbs and Waste Jenny and Miss Kitten. [2]

The 19th century brought legal change and a new identification. The Green Carnation became a symbol in 19th century England after a book published titled the same thing which was biased on the romance of Oscar Wilde and Lord Alfred Douglas. The symbol spread and was widely used for its time. [3]

Into the 20th century, it became more and more overt. The Lilly Pond was a part of the Lyons Corner House which was reserved for gay men. [4] 1912 featured the very first official gay bar, known as The Cave of the Golden Calf and run by Madame Strindgberg.

  1. https://web.archive.org/web/20100304185121/http://www.glbtq.com/social-sciences/clap_m.html
  2. http://rictornorton.co.uk/eighteen/maiden.htm
  3. http://queerstoryfiles.blogspot.com/2012/07/flower-power-green-carnation.html?m=1
  4. https://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/application/files/9314/5580/7711/under-the-radar-lesbian-and-gay-lives-1700-today.pdf