I know this is a hugely nuanced question in a whole lot of ways. If it helps, I’m only using Vergil as an example— could you consider any one in the Roman Empire “white”? Or at least part of some similar hierarchy of race/ethnicity?
I guess it depends what you mean by "white".
The modern conception of "white" which refers to people of European descent, as well as some non-Muslims of Middle Eastern descent, depending on context, would have made no sense and not referred to anything that existed during that period of time.
Virgil would certainly not have considered himself to be "white" in any way, or "European" in anything but the narrowest sense in which I consider myself "North American", like just as a description of the geographic area that I grew up in and where I continue to live.
I'm sure there would have been some way to refer to the fact that people of Caucasian ancestry (ie anyone European or Mediterranean, which includes many people not currently considered white) look a certain way, and other people from elsewhere sometimes look differently, but that wouldn't have been an identity that anyone considered central.