So, this a very difficult question to answer. I am a Ph.D Candidate at West Virginia University, studying this era of warfare, and I might be able to give you an estimate for the mid-eighteenth century, if that is acceptable?

This is exceedingly difficult to do, because the value of currency has changed a great deal between the eighteenth century and the present day, so I will be forced to give you an estimate in terms eighteenth-century currency, how you convert that to modern-day currency is up to you, there are several methods, I will link to at least one below.

In answering this question, I am going to assume that you mean a unit of 1000 enlisted soldiers, or private soldiers, as we say in English, and that you need to maintain them for about 1 year.

Here is a suggested formula for calculation of the fixed costs:

(yearly pay+uniforms+arms+equipment+food+housing)= Fixed Costs

Here is a suggested formula for the calculation of the variable costs:

equipment damage+medical expenses+ammunition expended=Variable Cost

(Fixed Cost+Total Cost)(1000)= Total Cost

I am not going to be able to answer this for every army, but I will take us as far as I can.

Yearly Pay:

The first, and easiest part of this question to answer is the yearly pay for 1000 men. In the 1740s-1760s, the yearly pay broke down as follows:

British Army: 13 pounds per year

Prussian Army: 24 Thaler per year

Austrian Army: 36 Gulden per year

Russian Army: 11 Imperial Rubles per year

Uniform Cost:

Based upon a detailed breakdown of the costs for the first four years of the Seven Years War in Prussia,it likely cost the Prussian Army approximately 15 Thalers per man per year in uniforms for the first 4 years of the war.

Prussian Army: 15 Thalers

In the British Army in 1746, it cost 1713 Pounds Sterling to provide clothing for 620 men (perhaps an average of 3 Pounds)

British Army: 3 Pounds

Arms:

Arms were not issued every year, so and thus are hard to quantify in terms of a yearly cost. For the Prussian army in the first four years of the Seven Years War, an average might approach 6 Groschen per year.

Prussian Army: 6 Groschen (.25 Thaler)

Equipment:

Ditto as above

Prussian Army: 6-7 Groschen (.3 Thaler)

Food:

In the Prussian Army during peacetime at least, cost of food was deducted from soldiers' pay, so that cost has already been provided for.

In wartime, it was perhaps:

Prussian Army: 365 Groschen (15.2 Thaler)

Housing:

During peacetime for soldiers quartered on civilians, this was potentially 5 groschen per soldier per month. However, much of the Prussian Army was furloughed to their homes during the year, so it becomes difficult to say. For the sake of argument, lets say it was approximately:

Prussian Army: 30 Groschen (1.2 Thaler)

If we assume a peacetime situation, the variable costs listed above would be quite low, and these are extremely difficult to measure without the specific documents in question.

Again, with a great deal of caveats, estimate, and approximation, the fixed cost of 1,000 Prussian soldiers in the 1740s during peacetime might be:

24 Thaler+15 Thaler+ .25 Thaler+ .3 Thaler+ 15.2 Thaler+1.2 Thaler= 55.95 Thaler

With the variable costs unknown, the cost of said unit of 1000 men would be at least 55,950 Thaler per year.

A VERY shaky estimate of that in today's USD would be $3.5 Million.

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Sources used in constructing this estimate:

Christopher Duffy, Army of Frederick the Great

------------------------, Instrument of War: The Austrian Army in the Seven Years War Volume 2

-----------------------, Russia's Military Way to the West: The Origins and Nature of Russian Military Power, 1700-1800

Alan Guy, Oeconomy and Discipline: Officership and Administration in the British Army, 1714-1763

Liza Picard, Dr. Johnson's London

http://kabinettskriege.blogspot.com/2018/04/how-well-paid-was-average-eighteenth.html

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Here are some resources for converting period currency to the modern day:

http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/currency-converter/

https://www.uwyo.edu/numimage/currency.htm

http://projects.exeter.ac.uk/RDavies/arian/current/howmuch.html

In Poland-Lithuania there were three basic types of infantry in late 17th century. Infantry of German type, infantry of Polish-Hungarian type and cossacks. Initially German type infantry was better equiped than Polish-Hungarian so they were paid better, but in late 17th century their payment was basically the same. Additionally to regular pay soldiers received additional money to maintain themselves during winter (so called hiberna) which was generally equal to their regular pay. So regular infantry received 184 złotys, with hiberna it was about 368 złotys annualy and cossacks received about 60 złotys annualy, without hiberna but with some additives.

So 1000 regular infantrymen costed about 368 000 złotys yearly (but we need to add to this wages of officers); cossacks were much cheaper. In 1689 Poland maintained 1200 cossacks and they costed 107 646 złotys.

Often soldiers were rewared with special donations during campaigns called "donatywa". They were not very big, usually about 20 złotys per person.

Poland was no different than other countries in terms of wages. Other countries paid the same or bit more than Poland. For example Prussia paid infantry since 1679 about 30 talars yearly, which was more or less about 180 złotys.

Source: Jan Wimmer, Wojsko polskie w drugiej połowie XVII wieku