This is by no means a definitive answer, but I wrote a little something a few months back regarding Howard Zinn's Peoples' History of the United States being translated and read in Russian.

The long and short (and I recommend reading the article I link to in that answer) is that as far as the Soviet Union was concerned, especially during the Cold War, the major themes about United States history that were focused on to the exclusion of other topics were the "deepening crisis of capitalism", American imperialism, and working class movements.

There was a Russian-language academic study of United States history, despite it not having great access to primary sources and being hemmed in by these ideological constraints, but that isn't the same thing as American history being widely taught in the USSR - to be blunt, it wasn't really an important topic.

To the extent that it was covered, at least in the 1970s, the American Revolution was not treated as a "revolution" at all, but a war for independence covered in 8th form in several lectures in the standard modern history course (mid 17th century through mid 19th century). The "the war fur the independence of the English colonies in North America” was treated as a transfer of power from "landowning aristocrats to the trader‐industrialist bourgeoisie of the North, which ruled in alliance with the plantation slaveholders of the South.”

An additional stress was placed on how the Declaration of Independence, Constitution and Bill of Rights called for universal rights, but that the reality did not live up to those ideals:

“The declaration proclaimed that the people themselves have the right to establish the power of state government, that power springs from the people, that the people are sovereign [...]”

“However, the foremost idea of the declaration was used by the Bourgeoisie to strengthen the wealthy, and only the whites. The declaration did not abolish slavery and did not stop the ouster from the land and the annihilation of the Indians, but preserved the exploitation of hired workers.”

Further emphasis was placed on the constant violations of freedoms that seemed to exist only on paper. The emphasis was very much on the American revolution and its ideals being bourgeois and therefore falling far short of its stated ideals. You might be interested to read more in an article done by the New York Times on Soviet teaching of the American Revolution in 1976 here.

Which is to say that at least in the Brezhnev years, to the extent that Soviet schooling was concerned, American history was treated as a relatively peripheral subject. It was definitely heavily defined by Marxist historic interpretations, and the ideals of the American revolution were given a cynical (if largely accurate) interpretation.

This is very peripheral to your overall question, but you may be interested in this translated biographical article on Abraham Lincoln from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia series. The encyclopedia was widely distributed across the Soviet Union and would have been among the first resources for an average citizen to get a cursory glance on anything related to American history they were curious about. It is very praising of the Union's cause under Lincoln's government during the war and adds the language of class war to it. You get the idea that Lincoln was some Fidel Castro type figure in the Soviet mindset. Not all of the GSE is translated into English, but there are probably many more American history entries from it out there.

Born Feb. 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Ky.; died Apr. 15, 1865, in Washington, D.C. American statesman. The son of a farmer.

Lincoln was a descendant of the earliest American settlers. He worked during his youth as a day laborer on surrounding farms; he was also a flatboatman, rail-splitter, surveyor, and postal employee. At the same time he strove to educate himself. In 1836 he passed the bar examination and became a lawyer. Fairness and incorruptibility, a sharp mind, and brilliant oratorical abilities led to his rapid rise. From 1834 to 1841, Lincoln was a member of the legislative assembly of the state of Illinois. From 1847 to 1849 he was a member of the House of Representatives. During the annexationist US war against Mexico in 1846–48, Lincoln introduced into Congress a resolution calling for cessation of the war. In 1854 he was one of the organizers of the Republican Party. Lincoln’s activities reflected the interests of progressive circles of the bourgeoisie of the Northern states and of the petite bourgeoisie throughout the country. He advocated the broadening of the civil and political rights of the people and favored granting suffrage to women.

Lincoln was a resolute foe of slavery and advocated liberation of the slaves. He opposed efforts to spread slavery to the whole USA. However, Lincoln believed that the issue of slavery lay within the competence of the individual states and that the federal government had no right to control it. In 1860, Lincoln was elected president of the USA. Despite his moderate stand on slavery, his election was a signal for the slaveholding Southern states to secede from the Union; it set off the Civil War of 1861–65.

During the first stage of this war, Lincoln considered the goal to be the crushing of the rebel slaveholders and the restoration of a unified country. K. Marx and F. Engels criticized Lincoln for his foot-dragging and inconsistencies on the question of abolishing slavery, which reflected the hesitations of the bourgeoisie. They pointed to the need to conduct a revolutionary kind of war. Under pressure of the masses and of the Radical Republicans, who represented the most revolutionary part of the bourgeoisie, Lincoln changed his position in the course of the war and instituted a series of increasingly revolutionary measures. In May 1862 the Homestead Act was adopted. Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation became law on Jan. 1, 1863. The proclamation signified the complete evolution of Lincoln’s political views. He had gone from a policy of territorial containment of slavery to the areas where it was already established to a new course involving the abolition of slavery. In 1864, Lincoln was elected to a second term. The shift by Lincoln’s government to revolutionary-style warfare led to the military destruction of the slaveholder forces and the abolition of slavery throughout the USA. On Apr. 14, 1865, Lincoln was mortally wounded by the actor J. Booth, who was an agent of the slaveholders and their allies in the Northern states. The murder of Lincoln was not only an act of vengeance on the part of reactionaries. It was also an attempt to deprive the opponents of slavery of their outstanding leader at a time when, with the war at an end, Reconstruction had become the leading political issue. This was to be a period of new and harsh exacerbation of the struggle for the rights of the Negroes.

Lincoln is a national hero of the American people, the bearer of the revolutionary traditions that are followed by all progressive people in the USA in the struggle against reaction and for the interests of the people.

The thing is, most of the program was dedicated to the "History of The Soviet Union", which actually meant Russia (no surprise). Then there was "Ancient History", then "Middle Ages", and only in the 8th grade it was "New History" that covered the 1650-1870 period in foreign countries.

The 1969 textbook is here, and as you can see from the index of content, Chapter 2 is about "The independence war in the British colonies in Northern American and formation of the USA". Pages 34-42 talk about the British colonies and their uprising, and pages 43-54 are about the independence war and the constitution.

The brief content. Colonists. Indians are friendly, but the colonists screw them. Plantations. Slaves from Africa. "Shameful for the humankind slavery was especially widespread in the American colonies". Taxation. Boston Massacre (innocent boys throw snowballs at British soldiers). Boston Tea Party. The War. Paul Revere. George Washington. Declaration of Independence. Thomas Jefferson. Benjamin Franklin. Union with France. Lafayette. Victory. Of a bourgeois revolution. Daniel Shays. Constitution. Bill of Rights. Supreme Court (which constantly supports slave owners and capitalists against slaves and workers). Power of capitalists under the name of power of people.

Then we jump to Chapter 12, "The USA in the first half of the 19th century. The Civil War". Pages 228-237 are about the USA between two revolutions. Pages 238-243 are on the Civil War.

The brief content. Second bourgeois revolution. Slave owners control the American government since its inception. Indians are slaughtered by pox blankets. Mexico is attacked and partially occupied and annexed. Panama is attacked. Latin American is attacked 50 times in the second half of the century. Migration to the West. Slavery in the South. Nat Turner. Workers unite. Trade unions. Joseph Weydemeyer. Abolitionists. Frederick Douglass. Harriet Tubman. John Brown. Abraham Lincoln. War. Homesteads. Lee. Grant. The North wins. Lincoln assassinated.

And that's all about the United States.